مدرسه تاسیسات آموزش تاسیسات مکانیکی و الکتریکی ساختمان
COBie (Construction Operations Building Information Exchange) is not a classification system itself, nor does it prescribe a fixed set of abbreviations for MEP piping and duct systems. Instead, COBie is a data exchange standard that focuses on delivering maintainable asset information from construction to operations.
The strength of COBie lies in its ability to organize and deliver data consistently, often using a spreadsheet format. To achieve this, COBie relies on classification systems for categorizing "Types" and "Systems" within the COBie data structure.
Therefore, when applying BIM to a project with COBie as a deliverable, you'll use widely accepted industry abbreviations for MEP systems, but you'll map them to a specified classification system within your COBie dataset.
The most commonly referenced classification systems for COBie in the US context are:
OmniClass (North America): Particularly Tables 21 (Elements), 22 (Results), and 23 (Products).
UniClass (UK): Especially Tables Pr (Products), Ss (Systems), and En (Entities).
Uniformat (US): Often used for high-level system classification.
How MEP System Abbreviations Relate to COBie:
While COBie doesn't have a built-in list of abbreviations, the standard requires that assets (Components and Types) and Systems within the COBie spreadsheet have a Category field (and a Name field) that references a classification system.
Here's how common MEP piping and duct system abbreviations would be used and classified within a COBie deliverable, using common industry practices and likely OmniClass mapping (as it's frequently cited in COBie guidance):
I. Piping System Abbreviations (and potential COBie/OmniClass mapping)
These abbreviations would typically appear in the Type.Name, Component.Name, System.Name fields and their corresponding Category fields would reference the classification:
A. Mechanical Piping (HVAC & Boiler/Chiller Plant):
CHWS - Chilled Water Supply
CHWR - Chilled Water Return
HWS - Hot Water Supply
HWR - Hot Water Return
CD - Condensate Drain (HVAC)
CWS - Condenser Water Supply
CWR - Condenser Water Return
STM - Steam
C-STM - Steam Condensate Return
RFGL - Refrigerant Liquid Line
RFGS - Refrigerant Suction/Gas Line
GA - Glycol-Antifreeze
CA - Compressed Air
NG - Natural Gas
FO - Fuel Oil
Possible OmniClass Category: You'd often categorize these under relevant OmniClass Tables, e.g.,
OmniClass Table 22 (Results): "22-04 00 00 HVAC Piping Systems" or more specific sub-categories like "22-04 30 00 Chilled-Water Piping Systems" or "22-04 35 00 Hot-Water Heating Piping Systems."
OmniClass Table 23 (Products): For specific pipe types (e.g., "23-10 10 10 Piping, General").
B. Plumbing Piping:
DCW - Domestic Cold Water
DHW - Domestic Hot Water
HWR - Hot Water Recirculation
SW - Sanitary Waste
SD - Storm Drain
V - Vent
IW - Indirect Waste
GW - Grease Waste
LP/LPG - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Possible OmniClass Category:
OmniClass Table 22 (Results): "22-06 00 00 Plumbing Systems" or specific types like "22-06 10 00 Water Service Piping Systems," "22-06 20 00 Domestic Water Distribution Piping Systems," "22-06 30 00 Sanitary Waste & Vent Piping Systems."
OmniClass Table 23 (Products): For fixtures and specific pipe materials.
C. Fire Protection Piping:
SPR - Sprinkler (general)
WSP - Wet Sprinkler Pipe
DSP - Dry Sprinkler Pipe
PRP - Pre-Action Pipe
FSTP - Fire Standpipe
Possible OmniClass Category:
OmniClass Table 22 (Results): "22-07 00 00 Fire Protection Systems" or "22-07 10 00 Water-Based Fire Suppression Systems."
II. Ductwork System Abbreviations (and potential COBie/OmniClass mapping)
SA - Supply Air
RA - Return Air
EA - Exhaust Air
OA - Outside Air / Fresh Air
MA - Mixed Air
TA - Transfer Air
FD - Fire Damper (often a component property, but system-related)
SD - Smoke Damper (often a component property, but system-related)
SFD - Smoke/Fire Damper
Possible OmniClass Category:
OmniClass Table 22 (Results): "22-04 10 00 Air Distribution Systems" or "22-04 10 10 Ductwork."
OmniClass Table 23 (Products): For specific duct materials or air terminals (grilles, diffusers).
Key COBie Fields for Systems and Types:
Type worksheet:
Type.Name: The unique name for a type of asset (e.g., "FCU-100CFM," "2-inch Sch40 PVC Pipe"). This is where common MEP type abbreviations might be used in conjunction with model/size info.
Type.Category: This field should reference a recognized classification system (e.g., "23-30 00 00 Packaged HVAC Equipment" from OmniClass Table 23).
Type.AssetType: "Fixed" or "Movable."
Component worksheet:
Component.Name: The unique identifier for an instance of an asset (e.g., "AHU-01", "DHW-Pump-02").
Component.Type: A reference to the Type.Name it is an instance of.
Component.Space: The space it is located in.
System worksheet:
System.Name: The unique name for a system (e.g., "Chilled Water Loop 1," "First Floor Supply Air System"). This is where the broad MEP system abbreviations like CHWS or SA would primarily be used to name the system.
System.Category: This field also references a classification system (e.g., "22-04 30 00 Chilled-Water Piping Systems" from OmniClass Table 22).
System.Description: A more detailed description of the system.
Important COBie Principle:
COBie aims to deliver structured data, not just unstructured text. Therefore, merely using an abbreviation is not enough. You must also:
Define the abbreviation within your project's BIM Execution Plan (BEP).
Map it to a recognized classification system (like OmniClass, UniClass, or Uniformat) in the Category field of the relevant COBie sheet (Type, System).
Ensure the abbreviations are consistently applied in your BIM model and exported COBie data.
The goal is to provide rich, structured, and machine-readable data that can be directly imported into a Facility Management (FM) or Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) for operations and maintenance.